Electronics STK024 , STK031 ,STK035 Amplifier Circuits

Circuit STK024 , STK031 ,STK035 amplifier Circuits schematics Circuit Electronics,

For the a one amplifier circuit is very suitable for use in applications subwoofer speaker, which allows for higher spending enough bass. Although output was spent not high, but for bass sounds do not undoubtedly. Indeed, the output is only 20W mono amplifier with 8 ohm impedance. With a maximum supply 44Volt DC.

Part list
R1 = 47R
R2 = 100K
R3 = 1R 2W
C1 = 2.2uF
C2 = 220uF
C3 = 100uF
C4 = 47uF
C5 = 68uF
C6 = 100uF
C7 = 1000uF
C8 = 0.1uF
U1 = STK024 , STK031 ,STK035
Schematics for STK024 , STK031 ,STK035 amplifier Circuits Circuit Electronics

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Electronics Interfacing a DS18S20 with an AVR

Circuit Interfacing a DS18S20 with an AVR schematics Circuit Electronics, This can be a complete project on its own - a simple DIY digital thermometer with LCD display and only a handful of parts - ATMEGA88, DS18S20 and only a resistor running off a regulated 5v supply.

Display type - LCD (can be 16x1, 16x2 or anything larger)
Controller: ATMEGA88
Programming Language: BASIC
Compiler: mikroBASIC PRO for AVR

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program Temp_DS1820

'Microcontroller: ATmega88 (Atmel AVR)
'Programming Language: BASIC
'Compiler: mikroBASIC PRO for AVR v2.10
'Sensor: DS18S20
'Programmer: Syed Tahmid Mahbub

dim LCD_RS as sbit at PORTB2_bit
dim LCD_EN as sbit at PORTB3_bit
dim LCD_D4 as sbit at PORTB4_bit
dim LCD_D5 as sbit at PORTB5_bit
dim LCD_D6 as sbit at PORTB6_bit
dim LCD_D7 as sbit at PORTB7_bit

dim LCD_RS_Direction as sbit at DDB2_bit
dim LCD_EN_Direction as sbit at DDB3_bit
dim LCD_D4_Direction as sbit at DDB4_bit
dim LCD_D5_Direction as sbit at DDB5_bit
dim LCD_D6_Direction as sbit at DDB6_bit
dim LCD_D7_Direction as sbit at DDB7_bit


sub procedure ConversionDelay()
    delay_ms(800)
end sub

sub procedure StabilizeDelay()
    delay_ms(200)
end sub

dim Temperature as word
dim TempH as byte
dim TempL as byte
dim TLow as byte
dim vDisp as string[9]
dim DecimalPoint as byte

main:
     DDRC = $FE 'RC0 input for One-Wire
     LCD_Init()
     LCD_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF) 'LCD Cursor off
     LCD_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR) 'Clear LCD
     StabilizeDelay() 'Wait for sensor and LCD to stabilize
     vDisp = "+124.5 'C"
     LCD_Out(1, 1, "Temp:")
     while true
         OW_Reset(PORTC, 0) 'Reset command to initialize One-Wire
         OW_Write(PORTC, 0, $CC) 'Skip ROM Command
         OW_Write(PORTC, 0, $44) 'Convert_T command
         ConversionDelay() 'Provide delay for conversion
         OW_Reset(PORTC, 0) 'Reset command to initialize One-Wire
         OW_Write(PORTC, 0, $CC) 'Skip ROM Command
         OW_Write(PORTC, 0, $BE) 'Read Scratchpad Command
         Temperature = OW_Read(PORTC, 0) 'Read Temperature low byte
         Temperature = Temperature + ((OW_Read(PORTC, 0)) << 8) 'Read Temperature high byte and convert low and high bytes to one 16-bit word
         TempH = Hi(Temperature) 'High 8 bits of Temperature
         TempL = Lo(Temperature) 'Low 8 bits of Temperature
         DecimalPoint = Temperature.B0 'Check if Temperature is integer or fractional
         if (Temperature and $8000) then 'If reading is negative
            vDisp[0] = "-"
            TempL = byte((not TempL + 1) >> 1)
         else 'If reading is positive
            vDisp[0] = "+"
            TempL = TempL >> 1 'Shift one position right (divide by 2) to get integer reading and get rid of decimal point
         end if
         vDisp[1] = TempL div 100 + 48 'Get hundreds and convert to ASCII
         vDisp[2] = (TempL div 10) mod 10 + 48 'Get tens and convert to ASCII
         vDisp[3] = TempL mod 10 + 48 'Get units and convert to ASCII
         if (DecimalPoint) then 'If reading is fractional, ie has 0.5 at end
            vDisp[5] = "5"
         else 'If reading is a whole number
            vDisp[5] = "0"
         end if
         LCD_Out(1, 8, vDisp) 'Show temperature
     wend
end.

Hex file + Schematic + Code freely available for download:
http://www.4shared.com/file/WMXzmmO5/DS1820_Temp_LCD.html

The code can be freely used and there is no copyright restrictions or anything as such. Only credit the author (me) where necessary. 
Schematics for Interfacing a DS18S20 with an AVR Circuit Electronics

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Electronics Temperature sensor with PIC18 and MCP9700

Circuit Temperature sensor with PIC18 and MCP9700 schematics Circuit Electronics,  This can be a complete project on its own - a simple DIY digital thermometer with LCD display and only a handful of parts - the PIC18F45K20, LM35 and a small number of resistors and capacitors running off a regulated 5v supply.

Display type - LCD (can be 16x1, 16x2 or anything larger)
Controller: PIC18F45K20
Programming Language: BASIC
Compiler: mikroBASIC PRO for PIC v3.20

'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
'Programmer: Syed Tahmid Mahbub
'Compiler: mikroBASIC PRO for PIC v3.20
'Target PIC: 18F45K20
'Configuration: Check the project in the download link for the configuration bits

program MC9700_Temp

dim LCD_RS as sbit at RC4_bit
    LCD_EN as sbit at RC5_bit
    LCD_D4 as sbit at RC0_bit
    LCD_D5 as sbit at RC1_bit
    LCD_D6 as sbit at RC2_bit
    LCD_D7 as sbit at RC3_bit

    LCD_RS_Direction as sbit at TRISC4_bit
    LCD_EN_Direction as sbit at TRISC5_bit
    LCD_D4_Direction as sbit at TRISC0_bit
    LCD_D5_Direction as sbit at TRISC1_bit
    LCD_D6_Direction as sbit at TRISC2_bit
    LCD_D7_Direction as sbit at TRISC3_bit

dim ADRead as word
dim Temp as longword
dim vDisp as word[3]
dim Display as string[7]

main:
     TRISA = $FF
     TRISC = 0
     PORTC = 0
     LCD_Init()
     LCD_Cmd(_LCD_CURSOR_OFF)
     LCD_Cmd(_LCD_CLEAR)
     LCD_Out(1, 1, "Temp:")
     Display = "+125 'C"
     while true
           ADRead = ADC_Read(0)
           if (ADRead > 102) then 'If temperature is positive
              Temp = (100 * ( (10 * ADRead) - 1024 ) ) >> 11 'Get temperature
              Display[0] = "+"
           else 'If temperature is negative
              Temp = ( (1024 - (10 * ADRead) ) * 100 ) >> 11 'Get temperature
              Display[0] = "-"
           end if
           vDisp[0] = Temp div 100
           vDisp[1] = (Temp div 10) mod 10
           vDisp[2] = Temp mod 10
           Display[1] = vDisp[0] + 48
           Display[2] = vDisp[1] + 48
           Display[3] = vDisp[2] + 48
           LCD_Out(1, 8, Display) 'Show temperature
     wend
end.

 

Hex file + Schematic + Code freely available for download:
http://www.4shared.com/file/b8bT5a9e/MC9700_temperature_sensor.html

The code can be freely used and there is no copyright restrictions or anything as such. Only credit the author (me) where necessary.
Schematics for Temperature sensor with PIC18 and MCP9700 Circuit Electronics

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Electronics Example of how to generate PWM in mikroC using the CCP module

Circuit Example of how to generate PWM in mikroC using the CCP module schematics Circuit Electronics, //Program to generate 40kHz output at RC2(CCP1) pin
//Microcontroller: Microchip PIC18452
//Language: C
//Compiler: mikroC v8.20
//Programmer: Tahmid

void main (void){
     TRISC = 0;
     PORTC = 0;
     ADCON1 = 7;
     T2CON = 0;
     TMR2 = 0;
     PWM1_Init(40000); //40kHz
     PWM1_Change_Duty(128); //50% duty cycle
// Choose Duty cycle as such:
// PWM_Change_Duty(x);
// x = ( (Duty Cycle in %) / 100) * 255
     PWM1_Start(); //Start PWM
     while (1){ //Loop forever
// Whatever else might be needed to be done while PWM is running
     }
}

In mikroC, you set the duty cycle by using the function PWM1_Change_duty(x). The value you put within the parentheses (x) has to be between 0 and 255. 0 means 0 duty cycle, 255 means 100% duty cycle, so 128 means 50%.

You get PWM output at RC2 (pin 17).
Schematics for Example of how to generate PWM in mikroC using the CCP module Circuit Electronics

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Schematics LED Lighting Product Design PCB

Circuit

The performance of led's has improved so much over time that these tiny bulbs aare all set to brighten our home, offices, buildings, light up streets, use in LED projector mobile phones, and they get involved in our lives in very interesting ways. Goverments are challenging companies to come up with viable, sustainable, LED-based home lighting solution not only for saving energy also to increase our lighting standards. LED- based home lighting solutions are cheap enough to replace a 60W incandescent lamp. Eco-friendly, low power led lamps might be the biggest step we take towards saving this planet. 

 Engineers involved in designing innovative and affordable LED lighting solutions can now benefit from a board product portfolio of  LED drivers AC/DC power management devices, wired and wireless control and embedded processors. These products have an options to controlling power stages of LED lighting but also need to control LED currents. These eliminating the need of multiple components and reducing system cost.

The reliability of LED drivers is a crucial factor to achieve longer life expectations. While designing an LED driver, we need to taken care of component selection. LED lighting systems can be desiggned to accurately control voltage and current regulations for precise LED light intensity and colour mixing, temperature monitoring to prevent thermal runaway, intelligent and adaptive dimming of the LED and fault detection on over voltage or current, blown string. Communications with external systems are also possible via power line communication (PLC), wireless technology or interfaces.

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